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Redmoon Calculators
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Text Entropy & Predictability Analyzer

Free text entropy / predictability calculator. Computes Shannon entropy at the character and word level, n-gram entropy, and a compression-ratio estimate. Compare your text against typical human and AI-generated ranges.

When to use this

Use when you suspect a text is repetitive but can't spot why. Word entropy catches phrase-level repetition; character entropy catches alphabet-level oddities.

How it compares

Lexical diversity measures unique-word *count*; entropy measures unique-word *distribution*. Two texts can have identical TTR but very different entropy.

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How it works

Shannon entropy is computed as H = −Σ p(x) · log₂ p(x) over the chosen symbol set (characters, words, or word bigrams).

Predictability is 1 − H/Hₘₐₓ — higher means more repetitive and easier to compress.

Compare modes: AI-generated text often shows lower word entropy and higher word-bigram repetition than human writing of similar length.

Formula

FAQs

What is Shannon entropy?

A measurement of unpredictability. Higher entropy means each symbol (word or character) carries more information; lower means the text is more repetitive.

What's a typical entropy value for English?

~9–10 bits per word for typical prose; ~4 bits per character. Highly templated text falls below.

Why include n-gram and character modes?

Different views surface different patterns. Word-bigram entropy catches phrase-level repetition; character entropy catches alphabet quirks.

Worked example

Input

The cat sat on the mat. The cat sat on the mat. The cat sat on the mat.

Output

Word entropy: 2.32 bits — Very predictable (predictability 51%).

Only 6 unique words across 18 — the same six repeated three times. Maximum possible entropy is log₂(6) ≈ 2.58 bits, so 2.32 is close to maximum-given-vocab but predictability vs uniform is low.

Common pitfalls

  • Entropy values are not directly comparable across mode (word vs character vs bigram).
  • Highly templated copy (legal boilerplate) scores very predictable — by design.
  • Compression estimate is a rough proxy, not real gzip output.

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