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EV Charging Cost & Road Trip Calculator

Estimate your cost per charge and per mile, then compare a road trip’s energy cost against an equivalent gas vehicle. Accounts for charging losses from AC-DC conversion and battery heat.

Built and maintained by Paul Clark, Redmoon Software · Last verified · Sources · Changes and corrections

When to use this

Use this before buying or leasing an EV, or before a long road trip, to see your real cost per mile at home charging rates and to compare a specific trip’s energy cost against a gas alternative.

How it compares

Unlike a simple cost-per-mile estimate, this calculator separately accounts for charging losses and lets you directly compare a specific trip against a chosen gas vehicle’s mpg and local gas price, rather than relying on a generic EV-vs-gas rule of thumb.

Enter your values below. Calculations run locally as you type.

Vehicle & charging


Charging cost

Usable range / charge
263 mi
75 kWh × 3.5 mi/kWh
Cost / full charge
$14.85
$0.057 / mile

Road trip vs. gas

EV energy cost
$16.97
300 mi trip
Gas equivalent
$43.50
@ 30 mpg, $4.35/gal
Savings
$26.53
cheaper than gas

Charging at home costs $0.057/mile. Over a 300-mile trip, that's $16.97 in electricity versus $43.50 for a 30-mpg gas vehicle — a savings of $26.53.

How it works

Usable range per charge is your battery’s capacity in kWh multiplied by your vehicle’s efficiency in miles per kWh.

Cost per charge adds charging losses on top of the electricity used, since some energy is lost converting AC power to DC and conditioning the battery, then multiplies by your electricity rate. The 10% default is fueleconomy.gov's figure; set it to 0 if your efficiency figure is an EPA rating, which is measured at the wall and already includes losses.

For a road trip, the calculator compares the electricity cost of covering the distance against the cost of the same distance in a comparison gas vehicle at your chosen mpg and gas price.

FAQs

Why do charging losses matter so much?

Charging losses (about 10% on a home Level 2 charger, per fueleconomy.gov, and more on a 120V Level 1 outlet) come from converting AC power from the wall to DC for the battery, plus energy spent conditioning the battery to a safe temperature. That lost energy still shows up on your electricity bill even though it never reaches the wheels. EPA efficiency ratings already include it, so enter 0% losses if you use one.

How much more expensive is public DC fast charging than home charging?

DC fast charging is usually 2–3× the cost per kWh of home charging, since networks price in demand charges, real estate, and equipment costs. Charging at home overnight on a residential rate is almost always cheaper per mile.

Why does my efficiency (mi/kWh) change so much?

Efficiency drops at highway speeds due to aerodynamic drag, and drops further in cold weather because of cabin heating and battery conditioning. Mild city driving in warm weather gives the best mi/kWh; a winter highway road trip gives the worst.

Does this calculator include the price of the vehicle itself?

No — it only compares the marginal cost of energy (electricity vs. gasoline) for the miles driven. It does not account for differences in purchase price, maintenance, or incentives.

Worked example

Input

Battery 75 kWh, efficiency 3.5 mi/kWh, home rate $0.18/kWh, 10% charging losses, 300-mile trip vs. a 30-mpg gas car at $4.35/gal.

Output

Cost per full charge: $14.85 ($0.057/mile). Trip energy cost: $16.97 vs. $43.50 in gas — a savings of $26.53.

The 75 kWh battery provides 262.5 miles of usable range per charge. Charging losses add 10% on top of the raw energy pulled, so a full charge costs $14.85 at $0.18/kWh (close to the July 2026 US residential average of 18.3¢). Over the 300-mile trip, electricity costs $16.97 versus $43.50 for the equivalent gas vehicle at about the October 2026 national average price.

Common pitfalls

  • Ignoring charging losses understates your real cost — the battery pack itself never receives 100% of the energy pulled from the wall.
  • Using a public DC fast-charging rate instead of your home rate will make costs look artificially high if you actually charge mostly at home; using your home rate for a trip charged at fast chargers makes it look artificially low.
  • Efficiency (mi/kWh) is not constant — highway speed, cold weather, and cargo/passenger load can all reduce it well below the EPA-rated figure, understating real trip cost.
  • An EPA rating (kWh/100 mi or MPGe) is measured at the wall and already includes charging losses; if you enter one, set losses to 0 or they are counted twice.

Charging losses are not a rounding error

The default assumes 10% losses between the wall and the battery, the figure fueleconomy.gov uses, and it is doing real work. AC charging loses energy in the onboard charger and to battery thermal management: about 5–10% on a Level 2 wallbox in independent tests, and more on a 120 V Level 1 outlet, where ADAC measured 12–24%. So the kWh your meter records is meaningfully more than the kWh the battery gains.

Which efficiency figure you enter matters here. The car's own trip computer reports miles per kWh out of the battery, so losses need adding on top. An EPA rating is measured at the wall and already includes them; if you use one, set losses to 0 or they are counted twice.

Cold weather makes it worse, sometimes considerably: preconditioning the pack before it can accept charge draws energy that never reaches the battery at all. A winter cost per mile noticeably above the summer figure is normal rather than a fault.

Comparing against petrol honestly

The comparison uses your efficiency in miles per kWh against a petrol vehicle's mpg and fuel price. The defaults — 3.5 mi/kWh and $0.18/kWh (the July 2026 US residential average, from the EIA) against 30 mpg at $4.35 (AAA's national average in October 2026) — produce the large gap people expect, and both sides are sensitive to inputs that vary hugely.

The electricity rate is the biggest lever and the one least likely to be a single number. On time-of-use tariffs, charging overnight and charging at dinner time can differ by a factor of three, and public rapid charging is frequently two to three times the home rate, which at the upper end is enough to erase the advantage against petrol entirely: at the default 3.5 mi/kWh and 10% losses, electricity above about $0.46/kWh costs more per mile than a 30-mpg car on $4.35 petrol.

Use your actual observed mi/kWh rather than the manufacturer figure. Real-world efficiency falls with speed, cold and load, and the gap between rated and observed is usually larger for EVs than for petrol cars.

Where these numbers come from

This calculator applies rates set by someone else, and they change. Check them against the source below before pricing anything that matters.

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